Brain Drain And The Allure Of High Income Abroad - 1540 Words

1.0 Introduction According to Merriam Webster (2015), brain drain is referred to as a circumstance where by all or the majority of geographic region and capable resources and skilled ,intelligent within a given area leave the area because of various factors that comprises lack of high paying employment. In addition brain drain is also mentioned to as capital flight of human. Brain drain in another way of defining it, refers to the leaving of skilled, professionals from one economic sector to another country or field for better remuneration or living conditions. The allure of high income abroad refers to a circumstance whereby people in developing countries are entice by the benefits offered on develop countries. This paper will be focusing on brain drain and the allure of high income abroad and how developing countries can work to stem the personal flight by finding solutions. 2.0 Courses of brain drain According to (Gedamu, 2002), international migration is divided in three major categories. 2.1 Lack of Employment and Low Salaries Developing countries experience lack of employment and low salaries and this cause people to migrate where their demands are met. We can also say that low salaries and lack of employment tempt people to look for much suitable employment that can provide them with better salaries elsewhere. 2.2 Political instability in home country Political instability in home country can make people lose confidence in their governments and futureShow MoreRelatedHow Does The Brain Drain Be Hot Potatoes Throughout The World? Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesFor years, brain drain issues have been hot potatoes throughout the world. â€Å"Brain drain† is also academically known as the human capital flight, refers to the large scale migration of highly educated, skilled and talented people of developing countries to highly developed countries of the world (Wikipedia, 2016). The brain drain originated in 1960, when most of human resources like scientists, engineers, and technologists emigrated from United Kingdom to America (Wikipedia, 2016). This phenomenonRead MoreSwot Analysis It Industries in India3210 Words   |  13 Pagestheir first choice of abroad software[1]. The technological innovation of the Internet and the worldwide web have expanded the debate of the nature of organizations and the way people work[2]. Both Ch ina and Indian are developing countries with large population and long and great history. 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Confucianism, Taoism, And Confucianism - 1277 Words

In Chinese history, there were three main philosophies: Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism. These beliefs helped shape Chinese culture as well as Chinese history. Not only did people believe in these ideas, but the three helped to govern the mighty Chinese dynasties. These dynasties all provided an impact to each doctrine; the philosophy that had the greatest impact was legalism because it ended the Warring States Period, provided structure, and strengthened agriculture, and the military of China. Although Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism had a few things in common and at times tried to resolve the same problem, they were very different from each other in their beliefs, character, and ways of life. Confucianism was founded by the first Chinese thinker to address both the political and social order of things straightforwardly and self- consciously. Kong Fuzi, or Confucius in English, lived from 551-479 B.C.E., but his teachings did not reach their full potential during the his life o f an educator and political advisor born into an aristocratic family. Confucius gathered many disciples to spread his beliefs that were rooted in moral, ethical, and political character. He didn’t address questions about religion because he believed they were above the human moral intelligence capacity, nor those regarding obscure, complicated philosophical questions because they would not help solve the problems of China. Confucius did not really even care about the state, but he did believeShow MoreRelatedConfucianism : Taoism, Confucianism, And Confucianism1156 Words   |  5 PagesRaymond Cho EALC 350 October 29, 2014 Professor Birge Which philosophy: Taoism, Confucianism, or Legalism would be best in your opinion for maintaining a peaceful society? Why? Perhaps there is no single philosophy that can create a truly peaceful society. 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Overview Of Company And Its Operations †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Overview Of Company And Its Operations? Answer: Introducation Wesfarmers limited was established in year 1914 that grew into largest retail company listed on Australian stock exchange. Organization has diverse business operations that involve supermarket, convenience store and hotel, department stores, liquor, home improvements and office supplies. Moreover, it has industrial business with divisions in energy, chemicals, industry, fertilizers, and coal and safety products. Wesfarmers is a largest private sector having s shareholder base of 530000 and employing 220000 employees. Group mainly focuses on creating wealth for its shareholders and contributing to communities in a meaningful ways. Core values of organization lies in integrity, boldness, accountability and openness. Business activities of organization is operated in accordance with environmental and community principles. Retail business of the group is positioned in such a way that it will help in achieving growth and further making improvement in service, range and value. In the short -term, outlook of group seems to be challenging while remaining concentrated on operational efficiency improvement. Restructuring of target activities and challenging trade conditions have offset the strong performance of group. Wesfarmers group have continued to make investment in service, customer value, online stores and merchandise ranges for sustaining in competitive environment and continue to deliver improved return to shareholders and long-term growth. Nonetheless, depressed conditions across the retail sector have significantly affected the industrial division performance. There was considerable decline in underlying earnings for division. It is ensured by group that there is strong management capability in each of its division that is accountable for day-to-day performance of operations, strategy execution and development. The framework of business model of organization is Wesfarmers way that aims at obtaining primary objective and comprise of growth enablers, core values and value creating strategies. Portfolio diversification was reflected in financial results of year 2016 and non-cash impairment was made in few divisions of group (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). Business portfolio of organization helps in cash over time because of its excellent employees, god corporate governance and creating shareholders value. he net operating profit of the group for the financial year 2016 was recorded at $ 407 million and the operating cash flow of group was less compared to previous financial year by 11.2% (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). Strategy of group involves diversification of its funds source and maintaining presence in key markets. Critically analyzing and explaining the corporate social and environmental responsibility reporting: The sustainability issues of the group is addressed by ten principles that involve people development, safety, robust governance, resilience to climatic change, product safety, contributions to community, ethical sourcing, obligations to suppliers and diversity. Environmental regulations regulate the activities of consolidated entities and they are granted the license for regulating the management of water quality and quantity, disposal of waste and environmental matters, carriage and storage of hazardous materials and other environmental matters that is related with operations of consolidated entity (Gigler et al. 2013) Social responsibility at Wesfarmers is about managing and understanding the ways in which the operations of business activities impacts the communities that helps in ensuring value creation in future. In order to improve their environmental and social practices, sourcing of products from suppliers is done in a responsible manner. They intend to maintain leading position in industry for which engagement is done with groups such as WWF and green peace. Social and environmental issues are related engagement with such partners. Inclusive and cohesive community environment helps in underpinning the strong business environment as believed by Wesfarmers. Businesses intend to reduce the intensity of emission and making improvement in their resilience to climatic change. Group takes steps for reducing the emission of greenhouse gases, as they are able to recognize that human actions are the reason behind the climatic change. Several measures are taken by group for reducing carbon emission, im proving efficiency of energy, making investment in renewable and low emission technologies (Picker al. et 2016). Adoption of technological improvement in industry processes assist in managing the intensity of emission. Managing the electricity usage and continuous monitoring are the drivers of reducing the emission. Some of retail stores made an investment in upgrading of LED lights that leads to reduction in consumption of energy. It has been analyzed by the group that risk related to weather change will be exacerbated and increased weather volatility would also impact the supply chain and operations of organization. Risk associated with climatic change is reduced by adopting mitigation strategies. At divisional level, climate resilience planning helps in improving the understanding of issues of material climatic change. Process of risk management of organization incorporates the business robustness against climatic change. Wesfarmers is committed towards contribution to resilience of ecosystem and one of material issue is biodiversity protection (wesfarmers.com.au 2017). Natural resources used in business operations and critical part of efforts of organization are reducing the emission of greenhouse gases for managing the forests. The benchmarking tool for measuring the performance of climatic change is the carbon disclosure project. Organization has made investment in coal assets and has adopted steps for helping customers reducing emission of carbon. Group also strives for reducing water usage and waste reduction for water fill. When it comes to recycling of waste, some of initiatives have been taken by organization that involves recycling of flexible cardboard and plastic, better separation and recycling and reduction of polystyrene packaging. Making investment in community initiatives leading to social and economic outcomes is the long-term commitment of organization. Furthermore, Wesfarmers is actively engage with some stakeholders and social justice non-government organizations for addressing social issues. In order to address the labor practic e in some countries in which it operates, group engages in some key social improvement program. Supplier base of organization is continuously rationalized by establishment of more meaningful relationship with suppliers and for making improvement in social relationship with suppliers (). Presentation of ratio analysis of financial statements: 2016 2015 2014 Profitability Net profit margin 0.62% 3.91% 4.47% Return on assets 1.62 1.55 1.51 Return of ordinary shareholders equity 1.71% 9.61% 10.34% Asset turnover 0.033 0.085 0.06 Efficiency Accounts receivable turnover 21.34 20.49 15.33 Inventory turnover 7.27 7.83 7.76 Short-term solvency Current ratio 0.93 0.93 1.13 Quick ratio 0.33 0.37 .48 Cash Flow from operations to current liabilities .322 .389 0.392 Long-term solvency Debt to equity .32 .26 0.194 Debt to total assets 0.43 .386 0.345 Leverage ratio 1.29 1.59 1.89 Market-based ratios Price/Earnings ratio 1.07 .1696 .1487 Earnings yield 0.926 5.893 6.72 Dividend yield 58.11 70.82 61.90 Explanation of ratios: Ratio analysis is a vital tool for making investment decision as it depicts the trend and financial performance of company. In the present report, several ratios have been calculated that demonstrates the financial position of Wesfarmers limited. Profitability position of organization is analyzed using the net profit margin, return on assets, asset turnover and return on equity ratio. Net profit margin has a declining trend from 4.47% in year 2014 to 3.91% in year 2015 and further to 0.62%. This is indicative of the fact that net profit of Wesfarmers has fallen. Return on assets has increased considerably from 1.51 in year 2014 to 1.62 in year 2016 that depicts assets have been utilized for generating income. Return on equity has fallen significantly from 9.61% in year 2015 to 1.71% in year 2015. It depicts that organization ability to generate profit from shareholders investment has reduced. Asset turnover has witnessed a declining trend from 0.08 in year 2015 to 0.03 in year 2016 that indicates that assets of organization is not efficiently utilized. Long-term solvency position of Wesfarmers group is evaluated by calculating the debt equity ratio, leverage ratio and debt to total asset ratio. Debt to equity ratio of group has increased from 0.19 in year 2014 to 0.26 in year 2015 and further to 0.32 in year 2016. An increase in ratio depicts that organization has been relying increasingly on dent for financing their assets. Debt to total assets has increased from 0.34, 0.38 and 0.43 in year 2014, 2015 and 2016 respectively. Increase in ratio is not considered favorable for organization as they are relying more on debt for asset financing. Leverage ratio has decreased from 1.89 in year 2014 to 1.29 in year 2016. Lower ratio is indicative of the fact that organization has not been aggressively financing its growth with debt. Market based ratio is analyzed using price earnings ratio, dividend yield and earning yield. Price earnings ratio of group has initially decreased and subsequently increased from 0.148 in year 2014 to 1.07 in year 2016. There has been considerable decline in earning yield and substantial increase in dividend yield. Short-term solvency position of organization is analyzed by calculating current ratio, quick ratio and operating cash flow ratio (Nobes 2014). Current ratio of group has remained constant at 0.93 for two consecutive year and quick ratio has continuously declining. Quick ratio has decreased from 0.48 in year 2014 to 0.33 in year 2016. This is indicative of the fact that organization has not been efficiently utilizing current assets for meeting their short-term obligations. Operating cash flow ratio has declined from .38 in year 2015 to 0.33 in year 2014 respectively. Lower cash flow ratio is not a good indicator of financial health of company, as sufficient cash flow is not generated from operating activities (Bhandari and Adams 2017). Efficiency position of Wesfarmers limited is analyzed by calculating inventory turnover and accounts receivable turnover ratio. Accounts receivable turnover ratio has increased significantly from 15.33 in year 2014 to 21.34 in year 2016 respectively. This indicates that organization is employing tighter credit policy and has a number of high quality customers. References: Bhandari, S.B. and Adams, M.T., 2017. On the Definition, Measurement, and Use of the Free Cash Flow Concept in Financial Reporting and Analysis: A Review and Recommendations. Journal of Accounting and Finance, 17(1), p.11. Bonsall, S.B., Leone, A.J., Miller, B.P. and Rennekamp, K., 2017. A plain English measure of financial reporting readability. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 63(2), pp.329-357. Chen, J.V. and Li, F., 2015. Discussion of Textual analysis and international financial reporting: Large sample evidence. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 60(2), pp.181-186. Elumilade, D.O. and Ishola, S.O., 2014. Financial Reporting and Analysis of Group and Separate Entities: IFRS Edition. Gigler, F., Kanodia, C., Sapra, H. and Venugopalan, R., 2014. How Frequent Financial Reporting Can Cause Managerial Short?Termism: An Analysis of the Costs and Benefits of Increasing Reporting Frequency. Journal of Accounting Research, 52(2), pp.357-387. Nobes, C., 2014. International Classification of Financial Reporting 3e. Routledge. Picker, R., Clark, K., Dunn, J., Kolitz, D., Livne, G., Loftus, J. and Van der Tas, L., 2016. Applying international financial reporting standards. John Wiley Sons. Tan, B.S., 2016. Interim financial reporting: how frequent should it be?. International Journal of Economics and Accounting, 7(2), pp.116-126. Wahlen, J., 2014. Financial Reporting, Financial Statement Analysis and Valuation/James Wahlen, Stephen Baginski, Mark Bradshaw. Cengage Learning. Wahlen, J., Baginski, S. and Bradshaw, M., 2014. Financial reporting, financial statement analysis and valuation. Nelson Education. Wesfarmers.com.au. (2017).Home. [online] Available at: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/ [Accessed 13 Sep. 2017].